✖️
ElementaryArithmetic

Multiplication & Division

Times tables and sharing equally

Learn multiplication as repeated addition and division as equal sharing.

Multiplication: repeated addition (3 × 4...Division: sharing equally or repeated su...Multiplication is commutative: 4 × 6 = 6...

📖 Understanding Multiplication & Division

Multiplication is a quick way to do repeated addition. Instead of adding 5 + 5 + 5 + 5, we write 5 × 4 = 20. We call the numbers factors and the result the product.

Division is splitting a number into equal groups. 20 ÷ 4 = 5 means '20 split into 4 equal groups gives 5 in each group'. The result is called the quotient.

Multiplication and division are inverse operations — they undo each other. If 6 × 7 = 42, then 42 ÷ 7 = 6 and 42 ÷ 6 = 7.

When dividing, if the number doesn't split equally, we get a remainder. 17 ÷ 5 = 3 remainder 2 (because 5×3=15, and 17−15=2).

🔑 Key Points to Remember

  • Multiplication: repeated addition (3 × 4 = 3+3+3+3 = 12)
  • Division: sharing equally or repeated subtraction
  • Multiplication is commutative: 4 × 6 = 6 × 4
  • Division is NOT commutative: 12 ÷ 4 ≠ 4 ÷ 12
  • Any number × 0 = 0, Any number × 1 = itself
#multiplication#division#times tables#elementary#factors

Ready to see worked examples?